Your right to travel - Refugee.info Italy

Your right to travel depends on the type of permesso di soggiorno you hold and on your destination. You can use this article to find out:

Where you can travel
Rules to travel in the Schengen Area
Rules to travel in the rest of the world
Travel to your home country

If you are in a reception center, regardless of the type of residence permit you hold, it is very important to inform the manager of your center that you're going to travel or you may lose your place at the center. You can learn more about what happens if you leave your center without telling anyone here.

Where you can travel

According to a recent update by ENAC (Ente Nazionale per l’Aviazione Civile) the Italian Civil Aviation Authority, starting from July 2025, anyone traveling from an Italian airport for domestic flights or to Schengen countries will be able to board by showing only their boarding pass. It will no longer be necessary to also show an ID card or passport at the gate when boarding.

It is very important to note that despite this change, you must always carry your residence permit and identity card or passport with you, as authorities can conduct random checks at any time.

Traveling within Italy

Regardless of the type of permit you hold, you can travel freely within Italian territory by domestic flight, coach, bus, train or ferry. Just remember to carry your ID documents with you wherever you go.

Traveling outside Italy

You can travel outside Italy if you have a valid passport or travel document (Documento / Titolo di viaggio), along with one of the following permessi di soggiorno:

If you hold one of the permessi listed below you can travel outside Italy, but cannot travel to your home country without the risk of losing your status in Italy:

Permesso per Protezione Speciale - in this case, it depends on the reasons for which you received such protection. If you received it because you are well-integrated or you have family ties in Italy, you may be able to travel to your home country. However, we recommend that you consult a lawyer before making any decision about this.
Permesso per Asilo Politico
Permesso per Protezione Sussidiaria

When you plan your trip, you’ll need to keep in mind some basic rules that depend on your destination.

You are not allowed to travel outside Italy if you hold one of the following permessi:

What happens if I hold one of these permessi and I travel outside Italy?

If you somehow manage to cross the border with a Permesso per Richiesta Asilo or Permesso per Attesa Esito Ricorso, and you get caught outside Italy, you will likely be returned to Italy under the Dublin regulation.

Bear in mind that asylum-seekers cannot be returned to a country where they face serious threats to life or freedom (art. 33, 1951 Geneva Convention), or where “there are substantial grounds for believing that there are systemic flaws in the asylum procedure and in the reception conditions for applicants in that Member State, resulting in a risk of inhuman or degrading treatment” (Court of Justice, 16 February 2017, C-578/16 PPU).

If you get caught outside Italy with a Permesso per Cure Mediche or Permesso per Calamità, you will also likely be sent back to Italy. However, there is some risk of being deported to your country of origin, as well — particularly if you are found to have committed a crime in the member state where you were caught.

Rules to travel in the Schengen Area

The Schengen Area is a free movement area of 28 European countries that have abolished internal border checks, except during times of threat to public safety. Schengen countries include:

Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Republic, Denmark, Germany, Estonia, Greece, Spain, France, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Hungary, Malta, Netherlands, Austria, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovenia, Slovakia, Finland and Sweden, along with Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway and Switzerland.

You can see a list of which countries have reintroduced border checks here. Please note that even though Bulgaria and Romania entered the Schengen area as of 31st March, 2024, land border checks will remain in place

Cyprus and the Republic of Ireland are European Union countries but are not part of the Schengen Area.

(Countries in orange indicate the Schengen Area.)

Do I need a visa to travel in the Schengen Area?

No. You do not need a visa if all of the following are true:

You hold a valid Italian permesso that allows for travel outside Italy
You hold a valid passport or travel document
You plan to travel as a tourist within the Schengen Area for a maximum of 90 days

If you want to legally stay in a Schengen country for more than 90 days you may need to apply for a visa.

Can I work in other Schengen countries with my Italian permesso?

No. Your Italian permesso does not give you the legal right to work while abroad. The only permesso that allows you to keep your status in Italy and legally work in other Schengen countries is called the EU long-term permit (Permesso di Soggiorno UE per Soggiornanti di Lungo Periodo).

Learn more about: ~~Working or studying in other EU countries~~

Can I travel with the receipt of my permit in Schengen countries?

It is advisable not to travel with the permit receipt to other Schengen countries. Since the receipt is not recognized in other Schengen countries, you may risk being detained by the authorities of that country.

As a general rule, you cannot travel inside the EU and the Schengen Area with the receipt of your permesso. This holds true in case you have a renewal receipt or a first issuance receipt (‘Ricevuta di richiesta di primo rilascio’ in Italian).

This means you need to hold a valid permesso di soggiorno and a valid passport or travel document.

Rules to travel in the rest of the world

If you’re planning to travel outside the Schengen Area or outside Europe, make sure to check whether your destination country requires an entry visa before buying your tickets. This may depend on your country of origin, your status and your destination.

If you have a Titolo di Viaggio or Documento di Viaggio, you can travel outside the Schengen Area. Before traveling, you will need to check the requirements that your destination country applies to people with your Italian permesso and travel document.

Please note: from 19 July 2022, if you have a refugee travel document issued by a country outside the Republic of Ireland, you must apply for a visa to enter Ireland. Visa free for those with refugee travel document has been suspended. However, citizens of Ukraine do not need a visa to travel to Ireland.

If you need help figuring out whether your destination country requires a visa or not, you can send us a message on Facebook and we'll look into it.

How long can I travel for?

It depends on the visa, if you need one.

As a general rule, the time you can spend outside Italy depends on the duration of your permit. Here are some general indications:

If your permit is valid for less than 2 years: You can stay out of Italy for a maximum of 6 consecutive months. Note: remember that if you hold a permesso per richiesta asilo, cure mediche or calamità, you’re not allowed to travel abroad.
If your permit is valid for 2 years or more: You can stay out of Italy for a maximum consecutive period corresponding to half of the length of your permit. This means, for example, that if your permit is valid for two years, you can stay out of Italy for a maximum of 12 months in a row.
If you have an EU long-term permit: You can stay out of the Schengen Area for a maximum of 12 consecutive months.

You can travel for a maximum of 6 consecutive months, and up to 10 months over the 5 years period, if you plan to apply for an EU long-term permit.

However, these rules do not apply if there are serious and proven reasons that force you to stay out of Italy for a longer period of time than allowed.

Can I travel to the rest of the world with the receipt of my permit?

No, except if you're traveling directly to your country of origin.

To travel with the renewal receipt of one of the permessi mentioned above, you must:

Be traveling to your home country.
Use a valid passport.
Depart from and arrive at the same Italian airport.
Take a direct flight to your home country, with no layovers in other Schengen countries.

CILD lawyers suggest bringing along also the original permesso, even if expired.

This does not hold true if you have a first issuance receipt ('Ricevuta di richiesta di primo rilascio’ in Italian).

Travel to your home country

If you hold a Permesso per Asilo Politico, you cannot return to your country of origin or try to contact your embassy without risking your status in Italy.

If you hold a Permesso per Protezione Sussidiaria or Protezione Speciale, the questura may not renew your permesso if you’ve travelled back to your home country for reasons the Territorial Commission doesn't consider important or urgent.

You were granted protection in Italy because authorities determined that you were persecuted or in danger of persecution in your country of origin (refugee status), or you fled situations of war or generalized violence (subsidiary protection).

If you visit your country of origin, Italian authorities might consider your travel to be proof that the danger of persecution and/or serious harm, which is the reason you received protection in Italy, no longer exists.

Note that if you hold asilo politico or protezione sussidiaria permit and you get a Permesso di Soggiorno UE per Soggiornanti di Lungo Periodo or ex Carta di Soggiorno (EU long-term permit in English), you will not lose your international protection status when you obtain the EU long-term permit. Indeed, the physical permit will indicate “annotazione: protezione internazionale”. Therefore, the same prerogatives of international protection holders still apply for you, which means that if you travel back to your home country, you may risk losing your status.

If you have any doubts about your right to go back to your home country, it’s a good idea to get in touch with a legal expert.

Please also note that if you hold the refugee status and you acquire Italian citizenship, you could potentially travel to your home country. No reference to your previous refugee status will be written on your new Italian passport. However, please consider the risks you would face in your home country before making this important decision!

If you have any other questions, you can always message us on Facebook or WhatsApp.

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